Policy Reform Explorer
Explore 18 selected educational policy reforms from across Europe targeting educational inequalities.
Browse the target group categories below or ask our AI Assistant in the corner to compare specific national mechanisms.
Please note: Reforms from Hungary, Slovakia, Greece, Germany, Italy, and Romania are currently available. Others will follow soon. (Updated 21-10-2026)
Select the reform you want to know more about by clicking the link below.
1. Socio-economically Disadvantaged Groups
๐ท๐ด Romania
National Hot Meal Program
Programul Naศional โMasฤ sฤnฤtoasฤโ
Targeted nutritional and financial support to improve school attendance and reduce drop-out rates among disadvantaged learners.
๐ต๐ฑ Poland
Free Kindergarten Hours & Financial Support
Measures reducing economic barriers to early childhood education through subsidized hours and direct financial assistance.
2. Disadvantaged Regions
๐ฎ๐น Italy
National Operational Programme (2014โ)
Targeted funding and structural interventions aimed at reducing regional educational disparities between Northern and Southern Italy.
๐ธ๐ฐ Slovakia
Targeted Interventions in 82 Municipalities (2015)
Specific regional measures to lower geographical and socioeconomic disparities in under-resourced municipalities.
3. Ethnic Minorities and Migrant Students
๐ณ๐ด Norway
Right to Education for Young Refugees and Immigrants (2014)
Legal reform securing expanded educational rights and language support for newly arrived youth.
๐ฉ๐ฐ Denmark
Act on Primary and Lower Secondary School
Targeted language competence development and linguistic support for bilingual and non-native students.
4. Cultural and Religious Context
๐ฌ๐ท Greece
KESPEM Reform (2010)
Educational integration initiative aimed at preventing isolation of the Muslim minority in Thrace.
๐ฉ๐ช Germany
Recommendation on Anti-Semitism in Schools (2021)
Joint policy recommendation to combat discrimination and antisemitism within school curricula and school culture.
5. Roma Students
๐ท๐ด Romania
Desegregation Measures (2004, 2007)
Policy ban on educational segregation and subsequent action plans to integrate Roma children into mainstream schooling.
๐ญ๐บ Hungary
รtravalรณ & MACIKA Bursary Programmes (2005/2011)
Combined bursary and mentoring program supporting disadvantaged and Roma students through secondary and vocational education.
6. Early School Leavers / NEETs
๐ธ๐ช Sweden
Paths Ahead Strategy (2015)
National strategy targeting young people not in employment, education, or training (NEETs) at ISCED 3 level.
๐ฆ๐น Austria
Youth Coaching (2012)
Tailored support, guidance, and pathway planning for vulnerable youth at risk of early school leaving.
7. Special Educational Needs (SEN)
๐ธ๐ฎ Slovenia
Placement of Children with Special Needs Act (2000)
Comprehensive legal framework governing placement and individual support for SEN pupils across ISCED levels 1โ8.
๐ง๐ช Belgium (Flemish Community)
M-Decree (2014)
Reform reinforcing the right of pupils with special educational needs to enroll in mainstream schools with adequate support.
8. LGBTQIA+ and Gender
๐ฒ๐น Malta
Trans, Gender Variant and Intersex Students Policy (2017)
Pioneering school policy promoting inclusion, safety, and institutional support for gender-diverse students.
๐ฎ๐ช Ireland
LGBTI+ National Youth Strategy (2018โ2020)
Cross-sectoral strategy aimed at creating inclusive educational environments and wellbeing support for LGBTI+ youth.
9. Holistic Approaches Covering Several ISCED Levels
๐ด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ England
The Equality Act (2010)
Broad legislative framework establishing public sector equality duties across educational institutions.
๐ซ๐ฎ Finland
Student Welfare Act (2013)
Systemic reform shifting student support toward communal, preventive, and early-intervention welfare services.